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| E. coli bacteria showing resistance to front-line antibiotics |
More than three million children worldwide died in 2022 due to infections resistant to antibiotics, a new study reveals. The research, led by Dr. Yanhong Jessika Hu of the Murdoch Children’s Research Institute and Prof. Herb Harwell of the Clinton Health Access Initiative, highlights the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
Children in Africa and Southeast Asia were most affected. AMR develops when bacteria evolve and antibiotics no longer work. According to the study, AMR-related child deaths have increased more than tenfold in three years.
The study used data from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Bank. Researchers found a 160% increase in the use of “watch antibiotics” in Southeast Asia and 126% in Africa between 2019 and 2021. Use of “reserve antibiotics” rose 45% in Southeast Asia and 125% in Africa.
“AMR affects everyone,” said Prof. Harwell. “We estimate three million child deaths were associated with AMR in 2022.”
The COVID-19 pandemic may have worsened antibiotic overuse. Antibiotics are ineffective against viruses but were often prescribed during the pandemic.
Dr. Lindsey Edwards of King’s College London called the findings “alarming” and a “wake-up call” for global health leaders. The study warns that if resistance to last-resort antibiotics continues, treatment options may disappear.
The WHO classifies AMR as a top global health threat. Experts recommend improved vaccination, water sanitation, and hygiene to prevent infections and reduce antibiotic use.
“There is no single solution,” said Harwell. “But correct and limited use of antibiotics is essential.”